The Present Situation and Development of Foreign Inorganic Flame Retardants

December 17, 2022

North America is the world's largest producer and consumer of flame retardants. In 1996, the consumption of flame retardant reached 30,900 t/a. Aluminum hydroxide (ATH) is the largest flame retardant in the United States, with a total consumption of about 24,000 tons in 1996. Polyacrylic acid vinegar is the largest consumer of ATH, followed by unsaturated polyester, especially glass fiber reinforced polyester. In addition polyolefins and PVC products also use a lot of ATH. The ATH market will increase due to environmental protection requirements to reduce the toxicity of flame retardants using halogen-free flame retardants. At the same time, there have been new evaluations of antimony trioxide, zinc borate, molybdenum compounds, and polyphosphoric acid hinges, which can be used alone or in combination with halogen compounds. Many foreign companies are looking for a variety of inorganic flame retardants to make progress in solving smoke, promoting carbon and providing heat and heat insulation. For example, the new Novatoch product, which is made by blending magnesium hydroxide of Versama and magnesium carbonate of Elastocarb with one or more processing aids, can effectively suppress fuming, such as American Morton International Specialty Chemicals. In rigid PVC and thermoplastic elastomers or fibers can effectively improve the purpose of flame retardant.

It is generally believed that making ultrafine particle powders is the key to obtaining optimal flame retardant properties. The thermal stability of Alfrazon's Ulfracarb products is not as good as that of general-purpose flame retardants, but it is better than ATH. The addition of only 0.5 m of magnesium hydroxide to the plastic allows the plastic to have low smoke-retarding properties and high whiteness and mechanical properties. Climax has recently succeeded in using AOM white powders for rigid PVC large water pipes, window frames and other applications. The company is accelerating the research and development of the use of key-zinc system compounds to optimize the performance of PVC products. Adding such key-one-zinc system compounds to PVC will replace fluoropolymers to make pressurized cable jackets and brackets. Borax Corporation of the US reduced its original zinc borate average particle size from 2 to 4 to less. This ultra-fine particle (0.5 to 3 μm) can be used to improve the fiber processing performance and dispersibility. It is used in combination with ATH to make it char at high temperatures; it can be used in wire and cable sheathing in combination with magnesium compounds. The company uses XPI-187 zinc borate for engineering plastics. It has good thermal stability and can be used for wire and cable sheathing and aircraft interior trim. Because the amount of zinc borate is low, the use of PVC alone can effectively suppress the amount of smoke. It has been reported that when zinc borate is used together with hydrated metal, a ceramic film can be formed when heated to 500° C. or higher, and a special-purpose heat-resistant insulating film can be produced by utilizing this phenomenon. The combination of zinc borate and aluminum hydroxide, and the use of both aluminum and aluminum hydroxide have good low fuming effect.

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