Ultra-sensitive gold nanoparticle array sensor was born
Scientists at the University of Bath and Northwestern University in the United States have used gold nanoparticle arrays to develop a new type of sensor that is 100 times more sensitive than current sensors. This sensor consists of a series of disc-shaped gold nanoparticles arranged in an array on a glass slide. The University of Bath team found that when these precisely arranged particles are illuminated with infrared lasers, they emit a lot of unusual ultraviolet (UV) light. This mechanism of generating UV light is affected by molecules that adhere to the surface of the nanoparticles and can therefore be used as a means of sensing very small amounts of material. Researchers at the Department of Physics at the University of Bath hope to use this technology in the future to develop new ultra-sensitive sensors for air pollution monitoring or medical diagnosis. Dr. Ventsislav Valev, a Fellow of the Royal Society and a professor of physics at the University of Bath, was responsible for the research with assistant researcher David Hooper. He explained: "This new mechanism has great potential for detecting trace molecules. Its sensitivity is more than 100 times that of existing methods." “The disc-shaped gold nanoparticles are arranged on a glass slide in a very precise array structure – changing the thickness and spacing of the particles completely changes the detected signal.†“When other molecules are attached to the surface of the gold nanoparticles, they affect the electrons on the gold surface, causing them to change the amount of ultraviolet light emitted.†“The amount of ultraviolet light emitted depends on the type of molecule that sticks to the surface.†“This technology enables ultra-sensitive detection of trace molecules. It can be used to detect very low concentrations of biomarkers for early diagnosis screening of diseases such as cancer.†The study has demonstrated the proof of principle of this new sensing mechanism. Next, the research team will conduct induction testing of various types of chemicals and expect the technology to be available to other scientists within five years. In addition, these nanoparticles are manufactured by researchers at Northwestern University in Illinois, USA.
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