Successful models, experiences and application cases of typical mining enterprises in environmental restoration

Yunnan Chihong Zinc and Germanium Co., Ltd.: is a lead-zinc industry based, geological exploration, mining, mineral processing, metallurgy, chemical, processing, trade and scientific research as one of the state-controlled A-share listed companies. For a long time, Chihong Zinc has actively followed the development direction of the industry, and strived to develop a green recycling economy, and built a “risk geological exploration – no waste mining in the mine – smelting clean production – “three wastes” recycling – comprehensive recycling of precious metals – - Product deep processing" unique development model of the entire industry chain.

First, mine environmental protection and mine repair

Chihong Zinc Mine uses advanced technology such as internationally advanced paste filling mining and wastewater recycling, and has achieved advanced “first-class technology”, “first-class equipment” and “first-class efficiency” in its mines such as Huize and Zhaotong Yanliang. Level. In the comprehensive utilization and prevention of "three wastes", it is at the leading level in the industry, and the mine ecology is protected to the utmost extent.

1. Comprehensive utilization and prevention of solid waste

Combining the characteristics of mines, through years of scientific research and technological innovation, such as "Comprehensive technology research on high-efficiency mining and geostress monitoring of deposits under complex empty group conditions", "Technology of environmental geological disasters and environmental reconstruction induced by underground mined areas" Research, the formation of a unique "full tailings - water quenching paste" deep well, long-distance paste preparation - filling system. The whole tailings paste filling technology is to fill the tailings gob by the tailings produced by the beneficiation system, the water quenching slag produced by the smelting system, and the cement by a certain proportion. It is a leading filling technology at home and abroad that integrates resource protection, environmental protection and safe production. The total investment of the project is 71,500.18 million yuan, and the filling capacity can reach 500m3/d-600m3/d. Its core technology deep cone thick pulp is the first in the application of mine filling technology at home and abroad. Chihong Huize Mining Branch is the first mine in China to successfully use and realize industrial production.

2. Ecological protection of mine tailings pond

The Chihong Zinc Mine Mine Tailings Reservoir has stopped the tailings process for many years. It is now a dry reservoir. The tailings stored in the reservoir are used in the preparation of the paste for filling the underground space. Over the years, the company has been committed to the tailings pond and the environmental protection and treatment of the reservoir area, investing 2.5 million yuan to reinforce the dam body, and the surrounding slopes have been greened; for the reservoir area to adopt partial cover soil greening ecological restoration + mining area covering dust suppression The network plan, the environmental restoration and treatment of the tailings pond, to achieve the purpose of eliminating dust pollution in the reservoir area, saving water resources, and protecting the ecology of the tailings pond.

3. Comprehensive utilization of wastewater treatment

Chihong Zinc Mine Mine adopts the combination of source reuse and end treatment reuse. The mining area is filled with water in the underground, and is collected by the underground water tank for ore dressing production water. Strengthening the management control of each part of the beneficiation wastewater to maximize the control of wastewater. The amount produced.

Source reuse: Through the comprehensive analysis of the beneficiation process, the water recycling of some process links will be realized, and the new water will be reduced by 80m3 per hour. The new water will be reduced by 600,000 m3 for the whole year, and the water consumption cost of nearly 2.2 million yuan will be saved throughout the year.

End treatment and recycling: supporting the construction of advanced wastewater treatment system, using the process of coagulation-precipitation-acidification-adsorption-ozone advanced treatment, the treated wastewater meets the water quality requirements of the beneficiation production water, and the beneficiation wastewater is reused. . The new water used in the production process is only used to replenish the amount of water lost by evaporation and evaporation caused by concentrates, paste filling. The ore dressing wastewater is completely reused, eliminating the adverse impact of the standard discharge on the environment, and reducing the cost of using new water. The annual consumption of new water can be reduced by 2.3 million m3, and the cost of water intake is 8.38 million yuan, achieving social benefits and environmental benefits. The unity of economic benefits.

Second, environmental protection and pollution prevention and control of smelting system

Chihong Zinc is also in the forefront of the industry in terms of waste gas pollution control and water resource utilization in the smelting system. In the prevention and control of exhaust gas pollution, the smelting flue gas is completely purified by various types of high-efficiency dedusting equipment , and the smoke (powder) dust emission concentration is lower than the national emission standard. The sulfur dioxide flue gas of the lead-zinc smelting system is sent to the supporting two-to-two-acid system to produce sulfuric acid, and the sulfur resources are comprehensively recovered. The low-concentration sulfur dioxide flue gas is treated by the method of acid reduction + hydrogen peroxide desulfurization and zinc oxide by the process of zinc oxide to achieve the standard emission of exhaust gas, and the sulfuric acid output by-product ammonium sulfate is comprehensively recovered. The total sulfur utilization rate is 99.06%, which is much larger than domestic The same industry total sulfur utilization rate of 94%. At the same time, strengthen the management of unorganized waste gas. In the smelting plant silo preparation, transfer transport, feeding port and other locations that are prone to dust and soot, all set up high-efficiency bag filter, wet three-effect dust collector and other dust removal devices, dusty exhaust gas treated by the dust collector to reach the standard discharge, reduce The amount of pollutants discharged. At the same time, the first application of JSS high-efficiency dust removal technology to upgrade the traditional bag filter, focusing on solving the problem of lead dust in the industry is difficult to achieve compliance.

In terms of water resources utilization, adhere to the principle of “rain and sewage diversion, classification and treatment, quality and reuse, and deep treatment and reuse”, using limestone method, multi-stage filtration + ultrafiltration + reverse osmosis process, medium hydropower flocculation advanced treatment technology, biological The technology of contact oxidation and other technologies is used for separation and reuse, and the industrial water recycling rate is over 97%. The rainwater collection and utilization project has been completed in the smelting plant area, and the rainwater recovery tank and rainwater treatment system with a total volume of tens of thousands of cubic meters have been set up in the sub-region. This technology reduces the discharge of effluent rainwater and heavy metal pollutants while fully recycling the rainwater. . This clean production technology concept has become a national lead and zinc smelting industry demonstration project and has been promoted as a standard configuration for lead and zinc smelting plants. Based on the existing oxygen-rich top-blown melting furnace and other facilities, Chihong Zinc will add technical transformation and transformation and upgrading, add waste lead storage battery disassembly and auxiliary facilities, and recycle and recycle used lead storage batteries in the existing site of the enterprise. Construction of a 160kt/a waste lead storage battery with a harmless comprehensive recycling project. Realize the efficient recycling of resources, further improve the recycling industry system, and promote the construction of urban mines. The project was included in the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology's “National Resource Recycling Major Demonstration Project” in 2015.

Chihong practice lies to the idea that is Jinshan Silver Hill, strengthen governance and ecological restoration of vegetation restoration, reduce soil erosion. The green area of ​​the plant area is 1.001 million m2, the green land rate is 35.98%, and the green coverage rate is 36.41%. It shows the beautiful scenery of the lawn, green flowers, birds and flowers, and trees. After 2006, it was evaluated by the Yunnan Metallurgical Group Corporation. After the greening of advanced units, it was named “National Green Model Unit” by the National Greening Committee in April 2008. In order to properly handle the legacy of the heavy metal pollution history of the shut down smelter, as a responsible listed company, Chihong Zinc and the Institute of Geography and Resources of the Chinese Academy of Sciences will work out a research and development plan for soil remediation technology, planting in contaminated areas in the plant area. Super-enriched plants for treatment and ecological restoration. The quality of the plant area and surrounding environment is recovering in a positive direction.

In the production and operation process, Chihong Zinc strengthens the support of science and technology, improves the environmental protection system and mechanism, pays close attention to the implementation of environmental responsibility, accelerates the promotion of moderately advanced environmental awareness and skills, and ensures capital investment. Strengthen the prevention and control thinking of the source prevention, process control and terminal treatment, and do a good job in information disclosure and public participation. Promote comprehensive management, strictly control environmental risks, and achieve sustainable and stable development of environmental protection work. Always regard environmental protection as the core competitiveness of the company, and strive to create environmental protection demonstration enterprises, demonstration projects and demonstration projects. The environmental protection concept of “treating nature and green development” is deeply rooted in the hearts of all employees. Forming an environmentally friendly culture with Chi Hong characteristics, and promoting the company's sustainable and healthy development.

Shandong Gold Group: It is a state-owned large-scale enterprise. Its gold production, resource reserves, economic benefits, scientific and technological level and talent advantages rank among the top in the national gold industry. In recent years, Shandong Gold Group has adhered to environmental protection as a link, taking the road of green development, and adhering to the environmental protection concept of “keeping the green mountains and green mountains with love, and benefiting the earth homes with love”. By the end of 2015, 5 of the Group's 23 mining enterprises were state-level green mining enterprises, and 6 were national-level green mine pilot units. In the “13th Five-Year Plan” of the Group, it is clearly stated that all the 23 existing mines in the “Thirteenth Five-Year Plan” Group should meet the national green mine standards, scientifically exploited, efficient use of resources, standardized management of enterprises, and production. The environmental protection of the process and the ecological environment of the mine are the basic requirements. The Group has invested tens of millions of yuan every year to carry out environmental restoration. In accordance with the idea of ​​“greening, hardening and beautifying”, the Group constantly improves the working environment of the mining area and always insists on “developing one place”. The purpose of “greening one place and protecting one place” is to do a good job of environmental greening and beautification before development, to ensure that there is a green mountain and green water left for the local area.

First, carry out ecological management to prevent environmental pollution

1. Comprehensive utilization of tailings and waste rock, turning waste into treasure. First, the tailings are used to fill the goaf, or the building materials are produced to reduce the tailings discharge. The mines of the group are all mined by filling, especially the large mines such as Jiaojia Gold Mine, Sanshandao Gold Mine and Xincheng Gold Mine. The tailings are filled and the utilization rate of tailings is more than 60%. The second is to use tailings to make bricks for civil construction. The Group's Jinzhou Group and Jiaojia Gold Mine have built special tailings brick production lines, which consume more than 300,000 tons of tailings per year. Third, 100% of waste rock is comprehensively utilized. Most of the waste stones are not filled directly into the pits. In the district, the remaining part of the waste rock is processed into stone for comprehensive utilization.

2. Zero discharge of wastewater to achieve clean production. First, through the process transformation, the waste water recycling is realized, and zero discharge is realized. Second, the domestic sewage treatment facility is constructed, and the treated wastewater is comprehensively utilized. For example, Xincheng Gold Mine and Jiaojia Gold Mine have built domestic sewage treatment plants, and the treated sewage can meet the standards of production and landscape water use. With the application of these measures, the problem of water pollution has been treated and clean production has been achieved.

3. Control air pollution and reduce emissions from the source. At present, all the mining enterprises affiliated to the Group have completed technical transformations for production and domestic boilers. All boilers have installed flue gas desulfurization and dedusting facilities to achieve emission standards of flue gas. At the same time, various mining enterprises such as Jiaojia Gold Mine and Xincheng Gold Mine They are actively adopting advanced technologies such as water sources and ground source heat pumps to reduce atmospheric emissions.

Second, carry out environmental restoration and improve environmental quality

“The ability to restore and protect the ecological environment is the core competitiveness of Shandong Gold”. It is the unshirkable responsibility of the company to carry out environmental restoration. In recent years, Shandong Gold Group has invested a large amount of funds, especially for large-scale environmental restoration of the tailings ponds in use and closed warehouses, all of which have been covered with vegetation and completely changed. It turns out that the tailings are scattered and the situation is muddy.

The Sanshandao Gold Mine is a mine close to the sea. The mine attaches great importance to the environmental management of the tailings pond. Since 2007, the green area of ​​the tailings dam has reached 46,503 square meters, with a total investment of more than 40 million yuan, effectively improving the ecological environment and investment environment, restoring the ecological functions of the coastal waters and the beautiful nature of the coastal zone. landscape. Through a series of engineering transformations such as molding, covering soil and planting of the closed tailings pond, the original tailings pond was built into a tourist attraction and a landscaping area for tourism, leisure and holiday, and became a green of the Ministry of Environmental Protection. The environmental education demonstration base has been affirmed by relevant government leaders.

The Guilai Zhuangjin Mine Geological Mine Park was founded in 2006. Its master plan and prospective design are scientific and reasonable. The deposit is an altered breccia type with high research value and ornamental value. The mine park is made up of waste rock after mining stripping. After covering the soil, 1.6 million trees were planted, the greening rate reached over 95%, and the accumulated investment was 170 million yuan. Among all the gold mines in China, the green vegetation is the most, the geology is The mine with the best appearance in the original was approved as a national mine park in May 2010.

Third, the recommendations for ecological management and environmental restoration of gold mines

1. It is suggested that some typical models should be established in the ecological management and environmental restoration of mines. Some demonstration bases should be established. The national “green mine” construction project should be promoted, or the “ecological mine” demonstration project should be named to guide the mining enterprises nationwide to develop consciously. Ecological governance and environmental restoration.

2. It is recommended to introduce some new policies, especially in the aspects of environmental restoration, mine protection, ecological mining, etc. It is recommended to return the geological environment protection and restoration management deposit in time to give financial support to enterprises.

SANS 1123 is South African flanges standard, SANS 1123 old norm name SABS 1123, flanges pressure class 600 1000 1600 2500 4000, flanges type slip on plate, slip on hubbed, blank, screwed, welding neck. SANS 1123 flanges plate type also name 1000/3 or 1600/3, Slip On Plate Flange for 3, blind for 8, weld neck for 2, screwed for 4, slip on boss for 5, 1000/3 backing ring for HDPE pipes.

SANS1123 Flange

SANS 1123 Flanges manufacturer, slip on flange ff rf, blank flange ff rf, slip on hub flange, backing ring flanges galvanized

Jinan Hyupshin Flanges Co., Ltd , https://www.iflange.com