Current process characteristics and innovations of sanitation vehicles
According to statistics, the annual domestic garbage volume of domestic 668 cities has reached 140 million tons (2004), with an average of 440 kg per person per year. Among the 490 million tons of garbage produced each year in the world, Chinese cities account for about 27%. It is estimated that the number of cities in China will reach more than 800 in the 21st century, the urban population will increase from 300 million to 500 million people to 900 million people, and municipal solid waste will also grow at an annual rate of 8%. It can be said that China is the world's country with the largest population of waste. The level of urban waste disposal has a direct impact on the environmental quality and development of our cities. Garbage disposal mainly includes the collection and transportation of rubbish and the technical features and development trends of current domestic sanitation vehicles. One (Luoyang) Special Purpose Vehicle Co., Ltd. tampered with the two major aspects of garbage disposal. Among them, garbage collection and transportation is the most problematic problem for sanitation systems. Since the reform and opening up, the number of urban refuse collection and transportation facilities in China has increased year by year, and it has gradually been developed in the direction of hermeticity, advanced technology, and ease of operation. However, at present domestic refuse collection and transportation facilities are still unable to adapt to the rapid development of the city. At present, the status and level of environmental sanitation vehicles in China are unbalanced in economic development in all regions, which makes the composition and characteristics of urban waste in China very uneven. This also determines the current imbalance in the use of domestic sanitation vehicles. Developed, residents have high levels of consumption, and they have a strong sense of environmental protection in the city. The requirements for sanitation vehicles are also relatively high. Therefore, garbage collection and transportation facilities are not only popular but also have strong personalization, among them, closed garbage trucks and compressed garbage trucks. Garbage transfer stations dominate the market. The consumption level of small and medium-sized cities and the gasification rate of living energy are relatively low, and the amount of garbage is relatively large. With less municipal investment, garbage collection and transportation facilities are still piled up in the open air, collected by artificial trucks, transported by armbarrows and dump trucks. Mainly, and most of the equipment is insufficient or tends to be scrapped, the secondary pollution of garbage and odor, noise pollution are all serious. From the point of view of product technology, the current collection and transportation vehicles and facilities are mainly characterized by the following features. (1) In the suburbs of underdeveloped metropolitan cities and small and medium-sized cities, the garbage collection vehicles are mainly artificial carts, swing-arm vehicles, and agricultural transport vehicles. The technical level is low, garbage is mixed, there is no enclosed mechanism, and there is no rain and windproof. Other facilities are far from meeting the needs of urban development. (2) The garbage trucks are mainly 5t dump trucks, which have lower loading quality and higher transportation costs. Although in recent years the whole country requires such vehicles to be sealed, there is still inconvenience in loading and lax sealing in the transportation process. Especially for the sealing of the permeate, etc., vehicle technology has fallen behind. (3) Compression type garbage truck is a product that has developed rapidly in recent years. It is popular with users for its flexible operation, low transportation cost, effective avoidance of secondary pollution, and garbage collection and transportation. The products also have many problems such as low use reliability, complicated operation, poor sealing, difficulty in sewage treatment after compression, long collection time, and large noise in operation. (4) Garbage transfer stations have developed rapidly in large cities in recent years. It is different from the traditional garbage dumps in the past and generally has the functions of compression, dehydration, and sealed transportation. At present, according to the differences in the habits of different cities, the domestic garbage transfer stations can be roughly divided into five categories: portable garbage compression equipment transfer stations; fixed garbage compression equipment transfer stations; pit-type vertical compression transfer stations; horizontal dehydration compression transfer Station; hook-arm compartment detachable garbage transfer station. The main problems existing in these products are large municipal investment, low use reliability, and serious air pollution. The application status and technical level of sanitation vehicles in Hong Kong, Macao and developed countries in China are still based on garbage collection and transportation vehicles. Currently, the management and equipment technologies of urban garbage collection, transportation, and processing in developed countries and regions are mature. Accumulated a lot of experience. In terms of collection, most countries have adopted separate collections. For example, Japan's waste classification technology is very advanced; in transport, it is basically closed and compressed; widely used in processing is sanitary landfill, incineration, composting, and comprehensive utilization (recycling cycle Use) 4 kinds of treatment. There are three kinds of garbage collection and transportation equipment in Hong Kong SAR of China: The first type is the hook-armed vehicle (or pull-armed vehicle) and the associated garbage compaction box, which is mainly used in busy downtown, standard garbage collection stations and private housing estates. The second type is a garbage truck with a rear-mounted compression type, which is mainly used for garbage collection stations in rural and remote areas. The third type is a lifting truck, auxiliary garbage collection facilities, and is mainly used for collecting large-size garbage. Judging from the history of its development, Hong Kong has gone from garbage collection vehicles (self-dumping garbage trucks) to rear-mounted compressed garbage trucks and even split-type garbage compression equipment. At present, Hong Kong is equipped with a hook-up car to provide a combined compaction cabin. The four different phases of the Lord. With the continuous advancement of society, people are increasingly aware of operating costs, environmental noise, odor pollution, and leachate treatment. The upgrading of products has become inevitable. Studying the development of sanitation vehicles in developed countries and regions will provide a good reference for the development of our future sanitation vehicles. The New Demand for Sanitation Vehicles in the Domestic Market In recent years, with the rapid economic development of our country, people’s awareness of environmental protection has been greatly enhanced, and the requirements of various cities for environmental protection, especially for waste disposal, are also increasing. In 2005, the city appearance and environmental sanitation department of Shanghai formulated the "beauty standard" for a series of sanitation vehicles such as “The garbage does not fall on the floor, the odor does not flow, and the water does not leakâ€, and requested that the cleanliness rate of the vehicles with sanitation operations exceed 85%. . Shanghai also used 260 suction trucks to import low-noise vacuum pumps before and after the end of 2003, which reduced occupational noise by 10 to 15 dB. The residents felt deeply touched. In recent years, Beijing revolved around the theme of running the 2008 Olympic Games and accelerated the pace of urban development. Environmental standards have also been raised step by step. Environmental regulations such as motor vehicle Euro III emissions, air pollution, and noise pollution have been frequently introduced. In 2005, Wuhan City formulated a plan to phase out all agricultural garbage collection vehicles. At the same time, hundreds of new environmentally-friendly garbage trucks were purchased through bidding. It can be seen that the future sanitation vehicles will integrate features such as functions and environmental protection. Compression garbage trucks will replace non-compression garbage trucks, sealed garbage trucks will replace simple garbage trucks, and low noise and low emission products will replace high noise. High-emission products and other trends have become inevitable; in addition, as the investment in urban construction has been increasing year by year, and the working conditions of sanitation workers have been continuously improved, the environmental sanitation department has continuously improved the requirements for product reliability, ease of operation, and diversity of functions. , Pay more attention to the appearance and colorization of the product. Development Space and Technology Development Trend of Domestic Sanitation Vehicles With the continuous development of the national economy, the position of special vehicles in the automobile industry will become more and more important. In the next 10 years, China’s special vehicles will maintain a high rate of development. It is predicted that in 2005 China’s vehicle ownership will likely reach 2.75 million units, and the annual demand will be about 340,000 units. In 2010, China’s vehicle ownership will reach 4.25 million units, and the annual demand will be 520,000. Among them, the larger demand categories are urban sanitation vehicles and municipal operating vehicles. According to the GB50337-2003 "Planning Code for Urban Environmental Sanitation Facilities", the number of sanitation vehicles is 2.5 vehicles per ten thousand people. According to this, the total number of urban sanitation vehicles in China should be around 100,000, but in fact it is far from enough. . If the annual growth rate of urban household garbage in China is 8%, the growth rate of the garbage truck as a collection and transportation tool should be more than 20%. The market demand may increase from 1800 vehicles in 2000 to 5000 in 2005. Around the vehicle, a huge market space will greatly stimulate the rapid development of sanitation vehicles. According to the current domestic market development needs and foreign development status, from the perspective of product technology, the author believes that the current development trend of China's environmental sanitation vehicles are as follows. (1) Compression type garbage trucks (especially for large tonnages) still have a large space for market development, but they need to further improve the product technology level, such as: the use of more reliable imported hydraulic components and electrical components; improve maneuverability, Change mechanical operation into electronic control; reduce operating noise, increase motor drive devices, etc. (2) The use of fully enclosed garbage trucks will be the basic requirements for all products in the city, not only when collecting garbage, but also during transportation (splash), especially for the sealing and discharge of waste liquid Become a key requirement for this type of product. (3) Compression of garbage trucks equipped with fully automatic control of overturning buckets will be a new direction for product development. The technology of compressed garbage trucks in developed countries is relatively advanced, especially in Western Europe and the United States. Compression garbage trucks are equipped with advanced overturning mechanisms, which can facilitate automatic grabbing, lifting, and unloading of large and small trash bins at different locations. Many cities in China have begun to collect barreled garbage, but the tipping technology used by garbage trucks is still at the level of the original machinery. (4) With the continuous expansion of the city scale, the provision of suitable transit station products has become an urgent need for major cities. Taking a look at the existing domestic garbage transfer station products, the detachable garbage compression car will become the new darling of the market due to its outstanding features such as convenient loading and unloading, low operating noise, high equipment utilization, and high efficiency. At present, the main problem of this type of product is the high price. (5) The use of deodorization and sterilization technology in sanitation vehicles is also a development direction, especially for the surrounding residents who live in a relatively dense garbage transfer station, eliminate bacterial transmission, and reduce odor pollution has become a top priority. At present, some ozone deodorization and sterilization technologies have been successfully applied in this type of products. (6) Appearance modeling and colorization of vehicles have received more and more attention from the sanitation department. Therefore, in recent years, various circular arc modeling of garbage trucks has become a popular trend. Some colorized sanitation vehicles suitable for different urban tastes have become cities. A beautiful landscape. (7) According to the actual situation in different regions, the systematic planning of waste collection and transportation plans and the rational allocation of sanitation vehicles have become the urgent wishes of the environmental sanitation department. The development of sanitation vehicles has also injected new connotations. In addition, large-tonnage garbage trucks, garbage collection vehicles, and multi-functional garbage trucks also have long-term development prospects. We believe that any unit engaged in the research and production of environmental sanitation vehicles, as long as they carefully study the actual needs of the market and users, and actively absorb foreign mature experience, will be able to continue to introduce new products that meet the needs of China's market and contribute to China's environmental protection cause. . c In recent days, Great Wall Motor has launched a new residential vehicle (RV) - named "Traveller". The car uses the Great Wall "Sai Ling" large double-deck pickup chassis, cab space is spacious, luxurious and delicate interior, driving comfort. Compared with the Great Wall C11 single row and the C12 row of half RVs, the “traveller†living area has a large expansion: 2.3m in length, 1.8m in width, and 1.88m in height. The interior is spacious and comfortable, and it can walk freely; the interior space design reflects "Home" concept, furniture design using a large arc solid wood composite structure, avant-garde fashion, warm and elegant style, beds, stoves, refrigerators, bathroom systems and other living facilities readily available together to form a comfortable small home. The main special parts of the car are imported from Europe, which has greatly improved the overall quality. The “traveler†body part adopts an advanced split design, which not only ensures the overall appearance of the vehicle, but also makes the internal dimensions of the compartment accurate; the adoption of composite materials not only ensures the overall strength of the vehicle body, but also greatly improves the quality of the vehicle body. Reduce. The front part of the RV designed some of the facilities-shaped glass windows of the “Traveller†living area of ​​the Great Wall “traveler†RV listed on the Great Wall “traveler†RV, which not only increased the overall sense of agility, but also broadened the horizon. People can also enjoy the scenery outside the window while resting. The “traveller†vehicle exterior design absorbs the European and Japanese design styles and adopts a large arc transition to organically combine the vehicle body and the cab, effectively reducing the wind resistance during driving and improving the speed and safety of vehicles. . In recent years, Great Wall Motor Co. has actively led the new trend of domestic RV consumption. According to the needs of different users, 9 varieties have been developed, including pickup trucks, minivans known as China's smallest RVs, trailer RVs, and piggyback RVs. And large luxury RVs, etc., and entered the market in bulk. 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