Do you know the automatic fire alarm system and smoke control system?
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The automatic fire alarm system is an automatic fire protection facility that can detect and report fires in time and take effective measures to control and extinguish fires and is installed in buildings or other places. It is to improve the ability of buildings to prevent disasters and self-rescue, and eliminate fires. In the bud, a powerful tool for reducing fire hazards. It is usually composed of fire detectors, alarm controllers, and linkage devices for fire fighting equipment.
Automatic fire alarm system
(I) System composition
Fire automatic alarm system usually consists of trigger devices such as fire detectors, alarm devices such as fire alarm controllers, alarm devices such as audible and visual alarms, linkage control devices such as bus control disks and control modules, and power supplies.
(two) working principle
Automatic Fire Alarm System In the early stage of a fire, physical quantities such as smoke, heat, and light radiation generated by combustion are converted into electrical signals through smoke detectors, temperature sensors, and sensitometric fire detectors and transmitted to the fire alarm controller. The signals are processed by the fire alarm controller. After analyzing, judging and judging, it will be displayed in the form of sound, light, and text, and at the same time, the place where the fire occurred will be displayed and the time when the fire occurred will be recorded.
(three) linkage control
Fire automatic alarm system general and pre-action system, rain system, water curtain system, water spray system, water cannon system, gas fire extinguishing system, smoke control system, ventilation system, air conditioning system, normally open fire door, fire shutter, Smoke linkage wall, fire radio and other equipment linkage. In the case of fire, if the controller is in the automatic state, it will automatically start the exhaust fan, stop the new fan, close the fire damper, release the fire door, fire shutter and smoke screen, etc. It can also automatically start the pre-action and rain. The shower, water curtain, water spray and water pump can also directly start the fire pump and anti-exhaust fan in the fire control room.
Smoke control system
The smoke control system is a kind of building facility set up to control the flow of smoke inside a building with fire, create conditions conducive to safe evacuation and fire rescue, and prevent and reduce the hazards of building fires. Smoke control systems are classified into mechanical pressurized air supply and smoke prevention facilities and mechanical smoke exhaust facilities.
(I) System composition
The main components of the smoke control system include: anti-exhaust smoke fans, electrical control cabinets, air ducts (ducts), fire dampers, air outlets, smoke outlets, manual control devices, fire detectors, and fire linkage control systems.
(II) Setting place
1. Mechanical pressure ventilation and smoke prevention facilities
The mechanical pressure-supplying and smoke-preventing facilities are mainly located in smoke-proof staircase rooms without natural exhaust smoke conditions, front rooms of fire-extinguishing elevator rooms, or pre-combined rooms; smoke-proof stairwells adopting natural smoke-removal measures do not have natural exhaust smoke. The condition of the front room and closed refuge (between).
2. Mechanical smoke exhaust facilities
The mechanical smoke exhausting facilities are mainly located in the inner walkways where the building length is greater than 20.0m and there is no natural smoke extraction condition, the song and dance entertainment exhibition and entertainment places where the room construction area is larger than 200m2, and the public buildings and the class C factory buildings that exceed the prescribed area. Class C warehouses, etc.
(three) working principle
Smoke prevention and control facilities are generally linked with the fire alarm system. When the control center's control console (cabinet) is in an automatic state and a fire alarm occurs, it will be linked to an anti-exhaust smoke system, and the mechanical pressurized air supply will automatically start. Smoke prevention stairway of natural smoke exhaust conditions, front room of fire lift elevator room or front air room of combined fire room shall be pressurized to prevent smoke from entering; at the same time, the fire damper of the corresponding smoke prevention partition shall be automatically opened and the mechanical smoke exhaust fan shall be automatically activated. Heavy smoke is discharged to the exhaust pipe or shaft through the exhaust port. When the temperature reaches 280°C, the exhaust wind machine automatically stops.
When it cannot start automatically, it can also be started remotely in the fire control center, or the positive pressure blower and exhaust fan can be started directly on the wind room.