The growth of key components and components of major technical equipment is blocked
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Most of the key components are subject to the pump and valve products in the human nuclear power unit are key components, accounting for nearly a quarter of the equipment investment. Because the country is not yet fully self-manufactured, foreign companies have obtained a large amount of monopoly profits. It is understood that the Lingao Phase II nuclear power plant only purchases imported valves for up to 70 million US dollars, and domestic purchases are less than 4%.
The situation of nuclear power construction to import a large number of foreign key components is far more than pump and valve products. According to Zhang Guobao, deputy director of the National Development and Reform Commission, he once suggested to use a domestic control system when visiting a domestic nuclear power company, but to say, "No one dares to use domestic."
Not long ago, Cai Weici, vice president of the China Machinery Industry Federation, introduced the situation in which key components and materials in other major technical equipment fields were subject to people.
“The annual output of our power generation equipment has exceeded 100 million kilowatts, but in fact the high-temperature, high-pressure pipe used in power generation equipment is still quite large. Although our power generation equipment production has exceeded 10 million kilowatts per year in the past. It has risen to more than 100 million kilowatts now, but take a closer look. The high-temperature, high-pressure high-quality pipes and plates for supercritical and ultra-supercritical units must be imported."
“The mill has already been made in China. But despite the domestic assembly, many electrical components or control systems inside are imported.â€
"Ultra-high voltage, UHV power transmission and transformation equipment, domestic enterprises have also achieved results, but the operating agencies inside, users are not particularly reassured about domestic products, so we require the production of our operating agencies must cooperate with foreign countries, or simply use foreign ones. â€
"The transformer is made, but like the casing inside the UHV transformer, the user is not at ease. Although some equipment manufacturers claim that they can do it, the user can not vote for confidence."
“The development of functional components and CNC systems in the machine tool industry has lagged behind, and it has become a bottleneck in the development of the CNC machine tool industry. Especially the key functional components and CNC systems that restrict the level of high-end CNC machine tools are slow to develop.†Cai Weici has listed five fields in succession. The status quo.
Zhang Guobao’s words also confirmed Cai Weici’s statement: “Some products, although they have achieved domestic manufacturing, lack the ability to design and manufacture independently and do not master the core technology. For most equipment products, although domestically, they have basically achieved autonomy, but they are reliable. There are still gaps in the sex and energy consumption indicators compared with the advanced foreign countries."
In fact, it is understood that domestic companies such as large pumped storage units and heavy-duty gas turbines do not possess core technologies. Some other product developments are still blank, such as deep-water offshore oil engineering equipment products and large-scale civil aircraft.
The confidence of the industry to solve the problem of the autonomy of key components of major equipment is not a one-off effort. Cai Weici said that revitalization is a gradual process, not a mutation.
“Like supercritical units and ultra-supercritical units, we can't do the whole machine and must import it. Now it is imported from the whole machine and only imports some of the things, including raw materials and matching parts. For example, pipes, plates, forgings, Imported, but this is a big step forward than the original machine import."
"Like transformers, we can't do 500,000 volt transformers in the past. Now we can do it. Although the proportion of domestic products is still very small, we can do it after all. The market share will also have a gradually increasing process. The casing inside the transformer is now imported, but this situation has to be broken in the past few years, which is also a gradual process."
Cai Weici said that the problem of key components is the common problem of all kinds of major equipment, but in different fields and different equipment, the degree of performance is different. "Relatively speaking, power generation equipment is better, and power transmission and transformation equipment is a bit worse. Large ethylene plants and nuclear power equipment are worse."
Although the major domestic technical equipment is stuck on key components and components, Cai Weici is still optimistic about the revitalization of China's equipment industry. "Our goal is to be able to carry out global matching under normal circumstances, and once it is swaying, it will not be stuck."
The Chinese equipment industry is constantly moving towards the established goals. According to Cai Weici, the domestic control system of the 600,000 kW thermal power unit has already had a successful operation in domestic power plants in 2006, and more than a dozen orders have been received. Although it does not account for a large proportion of the seventy or eighty sets of markets in the country, it is not non-importable.
"As for the forgings, although the power station forgings are basically imported, domestic companies are not able to do it." Cai Weici said.
It is not advisable to pick up some key components. It could have been produced in China, but it is still being imported in large quantities. Most of the forgings for power generation equipment mentioned by Cai Weici are imported. According to Cai Weici's analysis, this is a problem that domestic enterprises are unwilling to do, not impossible.
"Heavy machine factory is now full of red, no heavy machine factory is not good. Our heavy machine factory is more inclined to do relatively more 'fat' products when there is room for choice. Power plant forgings have a long production cycle, The rate of scrap is high. It can be done, but it is more difficult to compare."
However, Cai Weici warned that if the equipment manufacturing enterprises are now picking up the fat, then in the future, once the production orders are reduced, the technical reserves of the enterprises are insufficient, and the contradiction that no sufficient credit is established among the users will be highlighted.
Cai Weici said that under the background of the country's efforts to reduce foreign exchange surplus, the high-end equipment market will face greater squeeze from the international "all-star team" imported products, and the high-end equipment market of domestic-funded enterprises will inevitably be seriously threatened. Therefore, he stressed that the more the industry development situation is good, the more it is necessary to enhance the sense of urgency and make precautions.