The essence, installation and preparation of downhole drilling

The essence of the downhole rock drilling is to make the impactor sneak into the hole during the rock drilling process to reduce the energy loss caused by the impact energy transmitted by the drill rod, thereby reducing the influence of the hole depth on the rock drilling efficiency. Drilling equipment for downhole drilling is a downhole drilling rig. Models commonly used in China's underground mines are YQ-80, YQ-100 and QZ-165.

The down-the-hole drilling rig is an impact rotary drilling rig. Its internal structure is different from that of a general rock drilling machine. Its gas distribution and piston reciprocating mechanism are independent, that is, an impactor. The front end is directly connected to the drill bit, and the rear end is connected to the drill pipe. When drilling, the impactor sneaked into the hole, and the piston (hammer) in the impactor reciprocates against the shank through the gas distribution device (valve), so that the drill bit impacts the rock at the bottom of the hole. The high speed rotation of the impactor within the bore is achieved by a separate swivel mechanism, i.e., by an electric motor or pneumatic rotating device outside the bore, through a drill rod attached to the rear end of the impactor. The rock powder generated during rock drilling is flushed by the feng shui mixed gas, and the mixed gas is injected into the impactor through the center of the drill pipe by the powder discharging mechanism, and then enters the bottom of the hole through the air groove on the impactor cylinder.

The domestic down-the-hole drilling rig was first produced in the Xuanhua area of ​​Hebei Province in the 1950s. Through the continuous investment and development of the country, the performance and technical content of the drilling rig have been greatly improved, and the international market has established a good reputation. After the 1980s, the United States, Sweden, etc. The Fortune 500 companies have come to Xuanhua to invest in factories or joint ventures. Its products and production technology are used for scientific research and teaching as the contents of university textbooks. Therefore, the synonym of the domestic down-the-hole drilling rig is also called “Xuanhua drilling rig”. After the 1990s, Hebei Xuanhua has formed a production base for equipment. Some enterprises mainly develop and produce the latest type, high performance, low consumption, open-air drilling machines of various types, and at the same time, they are available for accessories. The products are widely used in large, medium and small mines, hydropower, transportation and other earthwork excavation blasting projects. They can also be used for perforated blasting of underwater rocks such as ports and waterways. The advanced technology has strong manufacturing capability. In the development of new products, With the advantage of professional and technical personnel, and the research institutes have cooperated all the year round, developed a new type of hydraulic down-the-hole drilling rig and received favorable comments from users.

Installation and preparation

1. Prepare the rock cavern. The size of the cavern can be determined according to the method of perforating. Generally, the height of the cavern is 2.6-2.8 m when the horizontal hole is drilled. The width of the cavern is when the hole is drilled, the hole is down or the hole is inclined. It is 2.5 meters and the height is 2.8-3 meters.

2. Lead the gas and water pipelines, lighting lines, etc. to the working surface for use.

3. According to the design requirements of the hole, the pillars are erected firmly. The upper and lower ends of the pillars are to be covered with wooden boards. The horizontal shaft and the snap ring are mounted on the pillars according to a certain height and direction. The machine is lifted by a hand winch, fixed to the pillars at a desired angle, and then the holes of the drill are adjusted. to.

Pre-work check

1. When starting work, carefully check whether the gas-water pipeline is firmly connected and there is no leakage or leakage.

2. Check if the oil is filled in the oiler.

3. Check that the screws, nuts, joints, etc. of each part have been tightened, and the column is indeed very strong.

Punching procedure

When opening the hole, start the motor first, and then push the handle of the manipulator after the normal transfer. Make it get the proper propulsion, and then pull the handle that controls the impactor to the working position. After rock drilling, the water valve can be opened to keep the gas-water mixture at an appropriate ratio. Perform normal rock drilling work. When the advancement work causes the mast to move into contact with the holder, a drill rod is drilled. To stop the motor running and stop supplying air to the impactor, send water, insert the fork into the drill rod groove of the holder, make the motor reverse the slide back, disconnect the joint from the drill rod, and then connect the second drill rod, press This time you cycle continuously.

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